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This research was supported by the FACCE-JPI project GreenRice (Sustainable and environmental friendly rice cultivation systems in Europe, ref. 618105), funded by the Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), and project RTI2018-101275-B-I00 funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (MCIU)-Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI)and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER).. We also acknowledge support from the CERCA Programme (Generalitat de Catalunya), and the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D 2016-2019 (SEV-2015-0533).

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Effect of Root Colonization by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth, Productivity and Blast Resistance in Rice

Publicat a:Rice. 13 (1): 42- - 2020-06-22 13(1), DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00402-7

Autors: Campo, S; Martín-Cardoso, H; Olivé, M; Pla, E; Catala-Forner, M; Martínez-Eixarch, M; San Segundo, B

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Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form symbiotic associations with roots in most land plants. AM symbiosis provides benefits to host plants by improving nutrition and fitness. AM symbiosis has also been associated with increased resistance to pathogen infection in several plant species. In rice, the effects of AM symbiosis is less studied, probably because rice is mostly cultivated in wetland areas, and plants in such ecosystems have traditionally been considered as non-mycorrhizal. In this study, we investigated the effect of AM inoculation on performance of elite rice cultivars (Oryza sativa,japonicasubspecies) under greenhouse and field conditions, focusing on growth, resistance to the rice blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzaeand productivity. Results The response to inoculation with eitherFunneliformis mosseaeor Rhizophagus irregulariswas evaluated in a panel of 12 rice cultivars. Root colonization was confirmed in all rice varieties. Under controlled greenhouse conditions,R. irregularisshowed higher levels of root colonization thanF. mosseae.Compared to non-inoculated plants, the AM-inoculated plants had higher Pi content in leaves. Varietal differences were observed in the growth response of rice cultivars to inoculation with an AM fungus, which were also dependent on the identity of the fungus. Thus, positive, negligible, and negative responses to AM inoculation were observed among rice varieties. Inoculation withF. mosseaeorR. irregularisalso conferred protection to the rice blast fungus, but the level of mycorrhiza-induced blast resistance varied among host genotypes. Rice seedlings (Loto and Gines varieties) were pre-inoculated withR. irregularis, transplanted into flooded fields, and grown until maturity. A significant increase in grain yield was observed in mycorrhizal plants compared with non-mycorrhizal plants, which was related to an increase in the number of panicles. Conclusion Results here presented support that rice plants benefit from the AM symbiosis while illustrating the potential of using AM fungi to improve productivity and blast resistance in cultivated rice. Differences observed in the mycorrhizal responsiveness among the different rice cultivars in terms of growth promotion and blast resistance indicate that evaluation of benefits received by the AM symbiosis needs to be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis for efficient exploitation of AM fungi in rice cultivation.

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